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                <text>In dredging, the hydraulic transport of solids is one of the most important processes. Since the 50’s many researchers have tried to create a physical mathematical model in order to predict the head losses in slurry transport. One can think of the models of Durand&amp;Condolios(1952)&amp; Durand (1953), Worster&amp; Denny(1955), Newitt et al.(1955), Gibert (1960), Fuhrboter (1961), Jufin &amp; Lopatin (1966), Zandi &amp; Govatos(1967)&amp;Zandi(1971), Turian &amp; Yuan (1977), Doronet al. (1987)&amp; Doron &amp; Barnea (1993), Wilsonet al. (1992)andMatousek(1997). Some models are based on phenomenological relations and thus result in semi empirical relations, other tried to create models based on physics, like the two and three layer models. It is however the question whether slurry transport  can  be modeledthis  way  at  all.  Observations  in  our  laboratory  show  a  process  which  is  often  non-stationary with respect to time and space. Different physics occur depending on the line speed, particle diameter, concentration and pipe diameter.</text>
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Since GIS and related geospatial and navigation technology change so rapidly, a flexible and dynamic text is necessary in order to stay current and relevant. Though essential concepts in GIS tend to remain constant, the situations, applications, and examples of GIS are fluid and dynamic. Though this book is intended for use in introductory GIS courses, Essentials of Geographic Information Systems will also appeal to the large number of certificate, professional, extension, and online programs in GIS that are available today. In addition to providing readers with the tools necessary to carry out spatial analyses, Essentials of Geographic Information Systems outlines valuable cartographic guidelines for maximizing the visual impact of your maps. The book also describes effective GIS project management solutions that commonly arise in the modern workplace.&#13;
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grey zones and blurred boundaries, and distinguished&#13;
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